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CONTAINING A FULL ACCOUNT OF ITS 

MINERAL SPRINGS 

AND 

WITH NUMEROUS ILLUSTRATIONS. 



^ublisljcir bg |l. J. gcarljorn, anir 

FOR SALE BY THE AMERICAN NEWS CX)., 

115, 117, 119 & 121 NASSAU ST., N. Y., ^ \ 

ALBANY NEWS CO., ALBANY, Etc., EtcA 

/I- 



Mrs. E. G-. CHIPMAN, Proprietress. 

This first-class Family Hotel liaving clianged proprietors, 
and havin,i>- heen thoroughly repaired, will be opened for the 
ceception of g-uest& on the loth of Mar. It is pleasantly located 
near the Excelsior and White Sulphur Springs, and possesse-s 
superior attractions as a summer resort. 



A^ I B B ^ R D 



5> 



AINSWORTH PLACE, 
SARATOGA SPRINGS. 

J. H. CARPENTER^ 

ilfifiis ill MiUiiii! 

202 BROADWAY, 

SARATOGA SPRINGS. 



Dfugs, Wledicioes, Toilet Hfticles, k^^ 

162 BROAD^VAY, 

F. T. HILL. J. L. PERRY, Jr. 



PEOPLE^S LINE STEAMERS 

FOR NEW YORK. 

One of these STEAM PALACES will leave Albany every evening 

(Sundays excepted), on arrival of the evening trains on the Rensselaer 

and Saratoga, New York Central and Albany & Susquehanna Railroads. 

^^ Hudson River Railroad Tickets good for State Room Passage. 

BAGGAGE CHECKED THJROITGH. 

SARATOGA OFFICE 1st Door North of CONGRESS HALL, 

Where State Rooms can be secured Daily. 

F. D, WHEELER, Jr., Agent, J. W. HARCOUET, Agent, 

Saratoga Springs. Albany. 

DR. R. HAMILTON'S 

jjf|e(IkHl and lurgicul |n.dituic, 

FOR THE I'RKATMENT OF 

FEMALE, LUNG and CHEONIO DISEASES, 

IS LOCATED ON 

BROADWAY, 

SARATOGA SPRINGS, 

Opposite Congress Spring and in full view of the Park. 




ggipn: ' 



LOCATED ON BROADWAY, 

Ojyposite Congress Spring and Park, 

N. & B. T. BEDORTHA, M. D, 

Physicians and Surgeons. 



Drs. Bedortha can be consulted daily in regard 
to all forms of disease. Special attention given to 
the use of the various kinds of Mineral Water. 
Baths of all kinds — Electro Chemical, Sulphur, 
Vapor, Hip, Half, Sitz, Douche, Spray, etc., etc. 

Experienced Bath Men and Women in attendance. 
For Circulars, address 

SARATOGA SPEINSS, N. T. 



ID E x: T E K. ' s 

Old Established 
Division St. bet. Broadnay & R.R. Depot. Established 1835. 

"WM. E. DEXTER, Proprietor. 

N. B.— Carriages at the Depot on tlie arrival of Trains. Passengers car- 
ried to and from tlie Depot. All orders promptly attended to. 

~ D E X T E R ' S 

Division St. between Broadway and R.R. Depot, 

(REAR OF MARVIN HOUSE.) 

1^" Superior Accommodations, Gas, &c. — Everything in the 
Stables beinic entirely new. 

B. W. DYER, Proprietor. 
Cor. Grove and Front Sts., SARATOGA SPRINGS. 

A FIRST CLASS BOARDING HOUSE. Open from May to October. 
For Rooms, Terms,, etc., address 

B. ^^^. DYER. 

ON BROADWAY, 

A Few Doors Beloiv the Clai'endon, 

B. V. FRAZIER, Proprietor. 




SARATOG A, N . Y. 

The Hotel is substantially built of brick, and is fire- 
proof, nearly new, has recently been refitted and repainted, 
and will be in first-class order throughout. It is beautifully 
shaded with trees, and has a two-story piazza for promenade 
extending 340 feet, with ample pleasure grounds adjoining, 
and is unequaled in its attractions and advantages as a 
summer resort for families; while its location on Broadway 
is unsurpassed by any Hotel in Saratoga for beauty, con- 
venience and comfort, and being in close proximity to all 
the most celebrated Springs. 

The Paj'lors and Sleeping Booms are all large, well ven- 
tilated, well furnished and pleasant. The Tables will be 
liberally supplied with every delicacy of the season. 

Carriages will be awaiting the arrival of every train to 
convey visitors to and from the Hotel free of charge. A 
livery is connected with the establishment and abundant 
stable room for those desiring their own teams. 

TERMS REASONABLE. 

All correspondence promptly answered and full infor- 
mation cheerfully given. 

William C. Jones, 

Proprietor, 



SARATOGA, 

AND 

HOW TO SEE IT : 

COXTAINIXG A FULL ACCOUNT OF ITS 

CELEBRATED SPRINGS, MAMMOTH HOTELS, 

HEALTH INSTITUTIONS, 

BEAUTIFUL DRIVES AND WALKS, 

VARIOUS OBJECTS OF INTEREST AND AMUSEMENT, 

WITH THE 

ARRIVAL AND DEPARTURE OF TRAINS, 

FARE AND DISTANCE TO VARIOUS PLACES, 

A COMPLETE LIST OF THE 

HOTELS AND PRINCIPAL BOARDING HOUSES, 

&CG., «fec., «Scc., 
With NUMEROUS ILLUSTRATIONS and a 

MAP OF SARATOGA SPR-I^NGS. 

SARATOGA, N. Y. : 
1871. 

■WEED, PARSONS AND COMPANY, PRINTERS, ALBANY, N. Y. 



.$-327/? 



CONTEISTTS. 



PAGE. 

Introduction 9 

Saratoga Mineral Springs 10 

their general properties 11 

List of Springs with their loca- 
tion 13 

Crystal Spring (illustrated) 13 

Eureka Spring 13 

Sulphur Springs 13 

Excelsior Spring (illustrated) . . 14 

Ten Springs 15 

Hathorn Spring 16 

High Rock Congress Spring (il- 
lustrations) 16 

Geyser Spring 19 

Pavilion Spring 21 

United States Spring 22 

Red Spring (illustrated) 23 

Seltzer Spring 24 

Star Spring 28 

Columbian Spring 29 

Congress Spring 29 

Hamilton Spring 29 

Putnam Spring 30 

Empire Spring 30 

Saratoga ^'A" Spring 30 

Washington Spring 30 

Ellis Spring 31 

Directions for drinking the wa- 
ters 31 

Bottling the waters 33 

Congress Hall (illustrated) . 35 

Union Hall (illustrated) .... 37 



PAGE. 

Hotels — Continued : 

Clarendon Hotel 37 

Waverly House (illustrated) 38 

Everett House 39 

Continental Hotel (illus- 
trated) 40 

Crescent Hotel 40 

Mansion House 43 

Boarding houses 43 

Temple Grove Seminary (illus- 
trated) 45 

Saratoga as a health resort 47 

Health Institutions 48 

Drives and walks 50 

Boulevard to the Lake 50 

Chapman's Hill 51 

Wagmau's Hill 51 

Hagerty Hill 51 

Bemis Heights 51 

Waring Hill 51 

Spring avenue 51 

Walk through the woods to the 

Excelsior Spring 52 

Congress Park 52 

Amusements 52 

Gambling and other vices 53 

Morrissey's Club-house 53 

Antique Marbles 54 

Saratoga as a place of residence 56 
Complete list of Hotels and 

principal Boarding Houses 58 

Business men 60 

Hours for opening and closing 
the mails, etc., on map. 



Entered according to act of Congress, in the Librarian's Office at Wash- 
ington, In the year 1871, by R. E. Deakborn. 



WILLAM M. SEARING, BEEKMAN H. SEARING. 

\I\IM. M. SEARING & SON, 
REAL ESTATE BROKERS, 

INSURANCE AND 'COLLECTING AGENTS, 

178 & 180, BROADWAY, AINSWOETH PLACE, 

(KOOMS 12 and 13,) 
BUY, SELL, RENT AND EXCHANGE 

Furnished Cottages, Stores, Dwelling Houses, 

OFFICES, COUXniY RESIDENCES, 

CITY AND SUBURBAN LOTS, FARMS, 

SHOPS. MILLS, FACTORIES, 

STEAM & WATER POWERS. 

Bonds, Mortgagee and other Securities, Bought and Sold. 

LOANS NEGOTIATED. 

COLLECT EENTS, NOTES, ACCOUNTS AND EVIDENCES OF DEBT. 

All kinds of Insurances Effected at the Lowest Rates. 

NONE BUT FIRST CLASS COMPANIES REPRESENTED. 

By promptness, industry and fair dealing, Ave aim to merit 
the confidenee and f^ive satisfaction to those who may entrust 
their business to our eliarge. 

WM. M. SEARING & SON. 



DRS. STROJ^a'S 

lilllil tptlfill 



'iJ^ 



On Circular, between Spring and Phila Sts., 



Is unsurpassed for beauty of location and accessibility to the principal 
Springs. This Institution was established in 1855," for the special 
treatment of 

LUNG, FEMALE aM VARIOUS CHRONIC DISEASES, 

During the Fall and AVinter the Institute has been doubled in size to 
meet the necessities of its increased patronage. It is now the largest 
health institution in Saratoga, and is unsurpassed in the variety of its 
remedial appliances by any in this country. In the elegance and com- 
pleteness of its appointments it is unequaled. The building is heated 
by steam, so that in the coldest weather the air of the house is like 
that of summer. 

The Proprietors, Drs. S. S. and S. E. STRONG, are graduates of the 
Medical Department of the New York University, and are largelj^ pa- 
tronized by the medical profession. 

In addition to the ordinary remedial agencies used in general prac- 
tice, they employ 

THE EQUALIZER OR VACUUM TREATMENT, 

ELECTRO THERMAL BATHS, 

jSuljjhur Air Baths, Russian Baths, Turkish Baths, 

HTDEOPATHY, SWEDISH MOVEMENT CUEE, 

OXYGEN GAS, GYMNASTICS, &c. 

For particulars of the Institution call or send for Circulars on Lung 
Female and Chronic Diseases, and on our Appliances. Address— 

Drso S. S. & So E. STRONG, 

REMEDIAL INSTITUTE. 

SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y. 



SARATOGA AND HOW TO SEE IT. 



iwriiODucTicm. 

Saratoga, for a long time the most fashionable watering 
place in the world, is still increasing in reputation and 
popularitj^ every j^ear. 

Its wonderful mineral springs, so diverse in their con- 
stituents and medical properties, have continued to send 
forth their healing waters of unimpaired strength, while 
others of equal virtue and more varied composition, flow- 
ing from newly developed fountains, are increasing the 
wide range of their adaptation. Within a few years so 
many changes have occurred by the retubing of old springs 
and the discover}^ of several new ones, that strangers and 
invalids are more than ever perplexed to know the pecul- 
iarities of each, and the one specially adapted to their 
necessities. When the waters should be drank, how often 
and how much, are questions of interest to every visitor. 

To supply the information so many desire in regard to 
the springs, and to place before every visitor to Saratoga, 
in a few words and at a moderate price, an account of its 
attractions and advantages, is the object of this little i)am- 
phlet. We have endeavored to make the work impartial 
and reliable, and without fear or favor, and, as such, it is the 
only work now published. 



10 

AVinding through the center of the village, and extend- 
ing several miles beyond it on either side, is a shallow 
valley, in which are situated the 

MINERAL SPRINGS, 
the most celebrated in the world. There are in the imme- 
diate vicinity nearly thirty springs of acknowledged 
medicinal value. These thirty, wdiich comprise the Sara- 
toga Springs, are in the center of the crescent-shaped valley, 
the west horn of which is Ballston, and the east, Quaker 
Springs. The High Rock spring was the first discovered. 
Sir Wm. Johnson was carried to it by the Indians in 1767. 

Most of the springs belong to the class known as carbon- 
ated, though some of them possess the properties of the 
sulphureted, the chalybeate and the saline. The mineral 
matter consists chiefly of chloride of sodium or conunon 
salt, carbonates of magnesia, lime, soda and lithia, and the 
sulphates of potassa, together with a small amount of other 
substances. The solvent power wdiich holds all these solid 
substances in solution, and which gives them their agree- 
able taste, is the carbonic acid gas with which the water is 
so freely charged. 

This free carbonic acid gas is probably formed by the 
decomposition of the carbonates which compose the rock. 
The water, impregnated with it, becomes a powerful solv- 
ent, and, passing through difterent strata, absorbs the 
various mineral substances which compose its solid con- 
stituents. Through faults and ordinary fractures in the 
earth's crust extending through several geological strata, 



11 

these waters rise to the surface, forced up, it is supposed, 
by hydrostatic pressure and that of the gas. 

Numerous have been the attempts to prepare artilicial 
spring waters, but with little success. The most eminent 
chemists and scientific men now acknowledge its impracti- 
cability. There may be substances which the chemistry 
of the present day fails to discover, and the chemical 
laboratory of nature can only be imitated, never equaled. 

We may analyze the acorn, but we cannot produce from 
the results obtained any thing more than a faint resem- 
blance, which lacks its peculiar properties as well as 
its life principle. Artificial waters are dangerous, and do 
a double injustice, to the person who expects benefit from 
ttcm, and to the natural waters. 

Those who wish nature's remedies should ol)tain them 
direct from her laboi-atory. 

Before giving a detailed account of the principal springs, 
we devote a few words to their 

GENERAL PROPERTIES. 

These are almost as various as the fountains from which 
the mineral waters flow. Cathartic, tonic, alterative and 
diuretic, and sulphur water, of varied shade and diflering 
strength, are found in Sarat(jga. Each spring has its own 
peculiar virtues that adapt it to certain forms of disease. 
Hence, it folloM's that mineral waters should not be drank 
promiscuously, but under the direction of a competent 
physician, who thoroughly understands the composition 
and peculiarities of each, if the utmost benefit would be 



12 

obtained. Many imagine that if the waters do no good 
they certainly cannot do liarm. A mistake this, and one 
which may result in serious injury. 

Whatever claims the owners of some of the springs may 
advance, it should be known that all the cathartic waters 
are liable to do more injury than good in Consumption and 
many diseases of the lungs. 

Many of the mineral springs of the old world are under 
the charge of superintendents appointed by law, and 
invalids are not permitted to use the waters without direc- 
tions from a physician. What wonder, then, if many who 
come here with a vague idea of drinking the v\^aters, and 
who select simply the spring which happens to be the most 
popular, should go away having experienced little benefit. 
Persons in good health, however, find the waters a pleasant 
and invigorating beverage, and, when taken in proper 
quantities, uninjurlous. General directions for drinking 
the waters are given elsewhere, and, under the description 
of the different springs, maj^ be found a statement of their 
particular properties. 

There is no doubt of their power to promote evacuations 
of effete accumulations from the kidneys, skin and bowels. 

Prof. J. W. Draper, the eminent physiologist, in speak- 
ing of the springs, says: "They restore suppressed, and 
correct vitiated secretions, and so renovate health, and are 
also the means of introducing many medicines into the 
system in a state of minute subdivision, in which they 
exert a powerful alterative and curative action." 



13 



THE CRYSTAL SPRING 
in Park Place, Broadway, opposite Congress Park. C. R. 
Brov.Ti, Proprietor. 

This spring was discovered and tubed in 1870, since 
which time it has become widely known. The analysis 
and properties are well set forth on page 45. 

EUREKA SPRING, 

on Spring Avenue, about a mile and a half above the vil- 
lage. Eureka Spring Co., Proprietors ; A. R. Dyett, 
President. 

The scenery in the vicinity of the Spring is very roman- 
tic. The waters are of special service in d3^spepsia and 
kindred diseases, and arc similar in properties and analysis 
to the other Saratoga springs. The waters are bottled, and 
may be found in New York and other cities. A few rods 
from the Eureka, the 

WHITE SULPHUR SPRING, 

of Saratoga, is situated. A large and commodious Bath- 
ing-house, Avith excellent and ample acconuuodations and 
superior facilities, affords Sulphur Water Baths. 

The Sulphur Spring is said to be unsurpassed by 
ANY IN THIS State. There is now no reason why invalids 
should resort to the other sulphur springs of the State, 
when they can find here sulphur water at least fully equal 
to any, while they enjoy the additional benefits of the 
varied mineral springs of Saratoga. 



14 



Frequent omnibuses convey passengers to and from the 
Spring for a moderate sum. A new avenue lias been 
opened to the Spring. 

THE EXCELSIOR SPRING, 
A. R. Lawrence & Co., proprietors, is in a beautiful valley 
and amid most romantic scenery, about a mile north-east of 
the village. 

It may be reached by passing up Spring avenue, which 
has just been graded and handsomely laid out, or by Lake 
avenue. The finest walk in Saratoga is through the woods 
to the Excelsior Spring. The water-works and Excelsior 
Lake, as well as the Mansion House, are in the immediate 
vicinity of the spring. The tubing is 56 feet deep. 




This spring is a pleasant cathartic, and has also alterative, 
diuretic and tonic properties, and is moreover a very 



15 

delightful beverage. Two or three glasses in the morning 
is the dose as a cathartic. As an alterative and diuretic, it 
should be taken in small quantities during the day. The 
highest medical authority of this country have indorsed 
this spring as possessing very valuable medicinal properties. 
It is one of the most delicious waters found in this mineral 
valley. While it is bottled extensively, it is also supplied 
in barrels, by a peculiar method, for selling on draught. 
Twelve feet beloAV the surface of the spring, a block tin 
tube conveys the water into reservoirs or oak barrels, made 
gas-tight by a lining of block tin. These barrels are fur- 
nished with two tubes, one of which extends from the top 
nearly the entire length of the barrel, and the other, a short 
tube, is merely fitted into the top. Then, by filling the 
barrel through the long tube by hydrostatic pressure, the 
air is excluded and the gas is not allowed to escape. 

When sold on draught, it is necessary simply to connect 
the long tube with the draught tube, and the short tube 
with an air pump, when the water can be forced out by the 
pressure of the air and will flow forth sparkling and deli- 
cious as at the spring. 

The gentlemanly proprietors have illustrated circulars 
showing the process, and will explain to visitors their pecu- 
liar method with great courtesy. 

In the immediate vicinity of the Excelsior are the 

TEN SPRINGS, 

undeveloped as yet, but possessing varied medicinal prop- 
erties. 



16 



HATHORN SPRING, 
on Spring street, just above Congress Hall. H. H. Hatliorn, 
proprietor. This spring is the most central and conven- 
iently located of any in Saratoga. It was discovered and 
tubed in 1868. 

It is a cathartic water, similar to the Congress, but much 
superior. Dose from one to three glasses in the morning. 

ANALYSIS BY PROF. C. F. CHANBLEE, COLUiVrBIA COLLEGE 
SCHOOL OF MINES. 



Bicarbonate of Baryta 1.737 grains. 
Bicarbonate of Iron . . 1.128 " 
Sulphate of Potassa . . none. 
Phosphate of Soda ... .006 " 

Biborate of Soda a trace. 

Alumina .131 " 

Silica 1.260 " 

Organic matter a trace. 



Chloride of Sodimn... 509.968 grains 
Chloride of Potassium 9.597 " 
Bromide of Sodium... 1.534 " 

Iodide of Sodium 198 " 

Fluoride of Calcium., a trace. 
Bicai-bonate of Lithia. 11.447 " 
Bicarbonate of Soda . . 4.288 " 
Bicarbonate Magnesia. 176.463 " 
Bicarbonate of Lime.. 170.646 " 

Bicarbonate Strontia.. a trace. Total solid contents. . 

Carbonic acid gas in one gallon, 373.747 inches. Density, 1.009. 

HIGH ROCK CONGRESS SPRING 

on Willow Walk, near the Seltzer and Star Springs. High 
Rock Congress Spring Co.. Proprietors. Wm. Slocum, 
Superintendent. 

The High Rock is the oldest and most famous spring in 
Saratoga. It was the Bethesda of the Indians, and by 
them regarded with the greatest reverence. For over a 
hundred years it has been used by white men, and it is more 
popular to-day than ever before. The rock which gives 



17 



HIGH ROCK IK 1867. 




the spring its name is still reg-iirded as one ol the greatest 
curiosities of the world; and although remote from the 
large hotels, is visited annually by large numbers of people. 
Similar deposits of mineral matter, forming calcareous tufa 



18 

which constitutes High Rock, have been found at the 
surfaces of other springs ; but this is the, great specimen. 
The following are the dimensions of the rock : Circumfer- 
ence, 34 feet, 4 inches; height, 3 feet, 6 inches ; diameter 
of aperature, 4 inclies — below the top, 1 foot; weight, 
about 8 tons. 

The rock is a hollow cone or pyramid, whose walls are 
of nearly even thickness. Of the genuineness of this rock 
there can be no doubt. Thousands of years were neces- 
sary for its formation, which can be traced by the rings or 
circles of deposit marking each j^ear. 

The proprietors of the High Rock Spring have issued a 
very interesting pamphlet, containing a full account of the 
High Rock and a history of the mineral spring. We com- 
mend this work to those who wish a more complete account 
than we have room to give of tliis marvelous work of 
nature. The pamphlet may be obtained free of charge at 
the spring. 

The recent tubing, which is about ten feet south of the 
mouth of the old spring, has greatly improved its quality, 
and it now bottks free from sediment^ and preserves its 
refreshing taste and medicinal properties for years. It is a 
very superior tonic and cathartic, as well as alterative. It 
may be drank at any time during the day. 

Three or four glasses before breakfast will produce a 
cathartic eflect. 



19 




In 18G8 a superb colonnade — a pavilion within a pavil- 
ion — was erected over the spring, at an expense of over 
$5,000. It is . of Gothic architecture, surmounted by a 
mosque-like dome and an immense gilded eagle, malung 
it indeed a most attractive pagoda. 



GEYSER OR SPOUTING SPRING, 

about a mile and a half below the village on the Ballston 
road and near the railroad. 

This wonderful mineral fountain was discovered in 
February, 1870. There had been indications of mineral 
springs in this neighborhood for a long time. Messrs Vail 
and Seavy, the owners of the bolt factory beneath which 



20 

the fountain was discovered, determined to bore for a 
spring. They were successful, and when they had reached 
a point 140 feet below the surface rock, they struck the 
mineral vein. The water immediately burst forth witli 
vehemence, and the marvelous phenomenon of a spouting 
spring v^'as established. 

The orifice bored in the rock is 5| inches in diameter 
and 140 feet deep, 80 feet in the strata of slate and 60 feet 
in the birdseye limestone. The water continues to spout 
incessantly to the height of about 25 feet. 

The tabing is a block-tin pipe encased with iron, 85 feet 
in length and two inches in diameter. It is noticeable that 
when a portion of the stream is directed to the bottling 
room for bottling purposes the fountain spouts to an 
unusual heiglit. 

The temperature of the spring is 46 deg. Fahr. being 
only 14 deg. from the freezing point. The water, an 
analysis of which is given elsewhere, is the most strongly 
impregnated with mineral and medicinal substances of any 
spring in the world. As the water is drawn from the 
fountain it foams like soda water, from the great abund- 
ance of carbonic acid gas, v.diich gives it a very agreeable 
taste. It is strongly cathartic, alterative and tonic; dose 
from one to two glasses. The waters are now being bot- 
tled, and are sold in all the leading cities of America and 
Europe. 

The fact that the spring is located 140 feet Deneath the 
solid rock renders it free from all impurities of surface 
waters. 



21 

In the immediate vicinity of the spring is a beautiful 
cascade, lake and ravine, a white sulphur spring and the 
Ellis Spring, all objects of interest. 

The Geyser Spring is one of the greatest attractions of 
Saratoga, and no visitor should fail to see it and taste its 
sparkling water. 

THE PAVILION SPRING. 

Pavilion Spring Co., proprietors. S. W. Frost, Sec'y 
and Supt., in tlic valley, a few rods east of Broadway, be- 
tween Lake avenue and Caroline street. 

This spring, although discovered long before, v/as not 
tubed till 1889. 

"We copy the following account of the process of tubing : 
" A curb 22 feet square, made of logs locked together at 
the corners, v/as built about the spring. The excavation 
next followed, and as the earth was thrown out the curb 
was settled down. As the work proceeded the water was 
raised from the shaft by large pumps used day and night, 
and thus the excavation was made to a distance of forty 
feet, following throughout the direction of the rising bub- 
bles of gas." Here they reached the hard-pan. As the gas 
seemed to come from the west, they cut a trench in that 
direction, sideways and downwards, for several feet. In 
this trench the tube, shaped like a shoe, was placed, and a 
perpendicular tube, reaching to the surface, was fitted to 
the upper end of the shoe. Thus the tubing was completed 
and tlie earth around it replaced. 

In 18G9 the spring was retubed, and by moving the tube 



22 

down ten feet to the solid rock, the mineral quality 
increased. 

The location of the Pavilion Spring is central, being only 
a few steps from the business portion of the village and the 
various hotels. The water possesses a pungent taste, yet is 
pleasant and exhilarating. In general, the properties are 
cathartic, diuretic and tonic. It is particularly good in 
billions diseases, scrofula, rheumatism, etc. 

The sulphate of potassa and the bicarbonate of lithia 
in large quantity are found only in this spring. The use 
of the waters increase the appetite and digestion. As a 
cathartic, from one to four glasses should be taken in the 
morning. The water was first bottled in 1840. The present 
company was fonned in 1868, and since the Spring has 
been retubed, the waters are having a more extended sale. 

A very elegant colonnade in the beautiful park surround- 
ing it renders the spring attractive to visitors. Within a 
few feet of the Pavilion, and under the same colonnade, is the 

UNITED STATES SPRING. 

While excavating for the purpose of retubing the Pavilion 
spring, a new spring, flowing from the east, was discovered. 

This has been tubed, its waters analyzed, and they are 
now presented to the public. 

This water is more gentle in its action and more tonic 
in its eftects. As a tonic, from a half to two tumblers 
several times during the day is necessary. 



23 



THE RED SPRING 

is located on Spring avenue, at tiie junction of Geneva and 
Warren streets, a few rods above the Empire spring. 
John A. Carpenter & Co., proprietors. 

This spring, though over a century old, and of acknowl- 
edged medicinal value, has not been properly appreciated 
until recently. 

In 1SG7 it was retubed and renovated, and since that 
time, under the direction of its present enterprising pro- 
prietors, its popularity has been rapidly increasing and its 
properties better understood. 

Since last season an elegant pavilion and a neat and 
tasteful bottling-house have been erected. 

This Spring is widel}' different from anj^ other in Sara- 
toga, and possesses peculiar merits. In a general sense, its 
therapeutic effects are alterative, but it possesses a particu- 
lar adaptation to inflamed mucous surfaces. In cutaneous 
diseases it has a high reputation. In many cases of chronic 
dyspepsia, it has been of the greatest service. Snuffed up 
the nostrils for nasal catarrh, it removes the inflammation 
from the mucous surface, as it does from the stomach or 
bowels when taken internally. Its general effect is to tone 
up the system, regulate the secretions and vitalize the 
blood, thereby creating a better appetite and better assimu- 
lation. It is claimed, by those who have tried it, to be a 
sure cure for salt rheum, etc. 

Many persons are benefited by this Avater who cannot 
bear the more saline springs. 



24 



SELTZER SPRING. 

" Saratoga Seltzer Spring Co.," proprietors. Perhaps no 
one of tlie springs attracts more visitors or gratifies tlie 
curious more than the Seltzer. 

It is situated about 150 feet from the High Rock Congress 
spring, but, although in such close proximity thereto, its 
water is entirely difterent, thus illustrating the wonderful 
extent and capacity of nature's subterranean laboratory. 

The owners of the Seltzer spring have an ingenious con- 
trivance for exhibiting the flow of the water and its gas. 
It consists of a glass tube, three feet in height and fifteen 
inches in diameter, nicely adjusted to the mouth of the 
spring, through which the SAveet, clear, sparkling water 
gushes in a steady volume, while, faster than the water, 
bubble up the glittering globules of pure carbonic acid gas. 

The spring Avas discovered several years ago, but only 
recently was it tubed so as to be available. The tube 
extends down thirty-four feet to the surface of the founda- 
tion rock. The crevice in the rock through which the 
water issues is about twelve inches by five. The column 
of water above the rock is thirty-seven feet high. The 
flovv^ of gas is abundant and constant, but every few 
minutes, as the watchful visitor will observe, there is a 
momentary ebullition of an extraordinar}'^ quantity which 
causes the water in the tube to boil over the rim. When 
the sunshine falls upon the fountain it presents a beautiful 
appearance. 

This is the only Seltzer spring in this country. The 
character of the water is almost identical with that of the 



25 




The Turkish. Eiissian and other Baths, 

Togetlipr witli other REMEDIAL APPLIANCES, which have 
been introduced in elegant and expensive style in 

Drs. STRONG'S REfViEDlAL mSTITUTE, 

For tlie special benefit of the guests of the Institution, are also 
OPEN TO THE VISITORS and CITIZENS of SARATOGA. 



Hours : For Giufhrnen — From 10.00 a. m. to 9.00 p. m. on Tuesdays, Thiirsdav? and Satur- 
days, and from .3.00 p. m. to 9.00 p. m. on the days allotted to Ladies. ' Fvr Lad ivs— From 10.00 
A. M. to 2.00 p. M. on Mondays, Wednesdays anil Fridays. 

E. R. 8TEVEN8, Jr., 

BOOKSELLER & STATIONER, 

80 & 82 Broadway, SAEATOGA SPRINGS, 

DKALEK IN LADIES' A.ND (IENTLEMEN'S 

FASHIONABLE NOTE PAPERS AND ENVELOPES. 

Fine EnglLsh and French Note Papers in great variety. 

ELEGANT INITIAL PAPER IN FANCY BOXES. 

Visitiiif/ and Weddi7ig Cardfi engrared in the latrsi and most 
faxhionalil'e styles. 

NEW PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED AS SOON AS ISSUED. 

Always in Stock a tine selection uf Standard Works. School P.ooks, 
I'.lank IJooks. Stationery of all kinds. 

^^°- FANCY GOODS IN GREAT VARIETY, AND SHEET MUSIC. 

A Liberal Discount made on Library Orders and to Music Teachers. 

2 



26 

J. R. WOOD & WATERS, 

Annonnce that they have fitted up an Elegant 

BMiBii?'s mm 

UNDER THE CRESCENT HOTEL, 

COR. BROADWAY AND CONGRESS STREET. 

Connected with the establishment are 

PIrii ©toil Ma^tMig II#tm^P 

FOE WABM AND COLD BATHS, 

~ LADIES', mn\ MISSES' and CHILDREN'S 

foots, f hoes iittd §ttljkts, 

A fiOOD ASSORTMENT CONSTANTLY ON HAND. 

J. L. LUCAS, - 102 Broadway, 

Manufacturer of Lucas' Great Russian Leather Preservative and 
Waterproof Dressing. 

S. R. STODDARD, 

GLENS FALLS, N. Y. 

PUBLISHER OF STEREOSCOPIC AND LARGE VIEWS OF 

Glens Falls, Lake George, over 300 diflerent views, Ruins at Ticon- 

deroga. The Adirondack Wilderness, Schroon Lake, 

Saratoga, Luzerne, etc., etc. 



27 

celebrated Nassau spring of Germany, which is justly 
esteemed so delicious by the natives of the "Fatherland." 
Our German citizens, with their usual sagacity, have dis- 
covered this fact, and the consumption of the water by 
them is daily on the increase. 

The importance of this American Seltzer spring will be 
somewhat appreciated by the reader, when informed of the 
fact that nearly two millions of stone jugs, holding one 
quart each, of the Nassau Seltzer are annually exported 
from Germany. 

The water of this spring is very pleasant to the taste, 
being slightly acidulous and saline, but much milder than 
that of the other Saratoga springs. It is an agreeable and 
wholesome beverage. When mixed with still wines, etc., 
it adds the peculiar flavor only to be derived from a pure, 
natural Seltzer. It enlivens them and gives them the 
character of sparkling wines. 

Its use as a refreshing beverage and for its remedial 
qualities is already widely extended, and its popularity 
rapidly on the increase. 

Saratoga possesses numerous objects of interest for the 
German population, surpassing even the famous Spas of 
Europe, and the discovery of the Seltzer will doubtless 
attract large numbers of this intelligent and genial people. 

The analysis of both the Saratoga and the German Selt- 
zer springs is given on page 44. 



28 



THE STAR SPRING, 

on Willow Walk, near the termination of Circular street. 
Star Spring Compan}'-, proprietors ; A. Putnam, Jr., Supt. 
Reached from Front street by steps. 

The waters of this spring have been used for a long time, 
and have a high reputation. By the recent retubing their 
mineral quality has been increased and rendered purer. 
The water is a pleasant bererage, differing somewhat in 
taste from the other springs. By recent inventions of the 
superintendent, Mr. Putnam, the water is now presented 
to the public in a new way, having many advantages over 
the old method of bottling. Iron casks are lined with por- 
celain, and are provided with Mr. Putnam's patent faucet, 
which absolutely prevents the escape of gas while drawing 
the water, or at any time. The faucet consists of several 
air chambers, closel}^ fitted together, with valves, and con- 
necting with a block-tin tube, reaching to the top of the 
cask. By these inventions the proprietor feels confident 
that even champagne might be barreled, so dilficult or im- 
possible is it for the gas to escape. Among other advan- 
tages of this novel method of putting up water, is its 
cheapness, and the privilege of being able to obtain a drink 
of Saratoga water at a moment's notice. The water is also 
bottled in the usual way for those who prefer. In 1870 the 
Star Company erected the handsome structure in which 
their casks and bottles are now filled. 

The office is very elegant, and Mr. Wright, their book- 
keeper, has adorned it with a large variety of beautiful 
plants and flowers. 



29 



COLUMBIAN SPRING, 

in Congress park, near the Congress spring. This is a 
chalybeate or iron water ; it is a strong tonic, and when 
taken before breakfast, or in too great quantity, is apt to 
cause a peculiar headache. It is very different from most 
of the other springs, and should be used with care. Only 
from a half to one glass should be taken at a time. It also 
has a diuretic action, and has been used extensively for 
that purpose. 

CONGRESS SPRING, 
in Congress park, on Congress street. This spring is 
famous as one of the oldest springs of Saratoga. It is a 
cathartic water. Dose, from three to seven glasses before 
breakfast. 

HAMILTON SPRING, 
on Spring street, corner of Putnam, in the rear of Congress 
Hall, and a short distance from Hathorn spring. Its prin- 
cipal action is diuretic, and, in large doses, cathartic. The 
mineral ingredients are the same as those of the other 
springs, but, owing to the peculiar combination, the 
medicinal effects are widely different. It has been found 
of great service in kidney complaints. From one to three 
glasses during the day is the usual dose. It should be 
used under the prescription of a physician, and warm 
drinks should not be taken immediately after. It is not 
bottled. 



30 



PUTNAM SPRING, 
on Phila street, near Broadway. Used chiefl}^ for bathing 
purposes. It is a tonic or chalybeate, and, as this goes to 
press, is being re-tubed. 

EMPIRE SPRING 
a few rods above the Star spring, and similar to it, but 
containing a less quantity of mineral constituents. 

SARATOGA "A" SPRING 
was located a few rods from the Red spring. The bottling- 
liouse was burned down in 1867, and the water is no longer 
bottled or used. 

WASHINGTON SPRING, 

in the grounds of the Clarendon Hotel, South Broadway, 
sometimes called the "Champagne spring," on account of 
its sparkling properties. This is one of the pleasantest 
waters in Saratoga. It is a delicious beverage as well as a 
superior tonic. The grounds in the immediate vicinity are 
very picturesque, and are thronged by the most fashionable. 
In the evening, the grounds are lighted by gas, and large 
numbers visit the spring. It was first tubed in 1806, be- 
fore any other in this mineral valley. We learn that in 
1828 "the waters of this fountain were seldom drank on 
account of its remote situation, but were resorted to by the 
indigent for the purpose of external application, and were 



31 

found to be of eminent service when applied to old, ill-con- 
ditioned ulcers, and obstinate eruptions of the skin."* 

At the present day it is one of the most popular springs. 

It was never properly tubed till 1858-9, when the tubing 
was accomplished with the greatest difficulty. The water 
is bottled to some extent. The dose is from one to two 
glasses. It should be used for a long time to secure the 
full benefit. 

In the same grounds, and within one or two rods, is the 
Leland Spring, which at the present writing has not been 
developed. 

ELLIS SPRING 

on the Ballston road near the Geyser. This is the only 
spring which flows in a horizontal direction, issuing from 
the hillside and flowing down the valley. It is very similar 
to the Columbian in its properties. It has been long 
known, but is used very little. It is a pleasant beverage. 

Mineral water has been found in other localities, but at 
present the above is a complete list of the Saratoga 
Mineral Springs. 

We have endeavored to represent them fairly, and in our 
description of them have stated nothing that we have not 
had ample reason to believe. 

DIRECTIONS FOR DRINKING THE WATERS. 

It is impossible to give com/plete and invariable directions 
for drinking any of the waters. 

* An analysis of the mineral waters of Saratoga and Ballston, by Dr. 
J. H. Steel,"lB28. 



32 

The experience and necessities of each individual can 
alone determine many things in regard to their use. 

It is advisable to consult some experienced resident 
physician who understands tlie properties of all of the 
springs and yet 7ias no immediate interest in either of them. 

The CATHARTIC watcrs, as a cathartic, should be taken 
only before breakfast in the morning, and possibly before 
retiring at night, because in the morning the body, 
refreshed by sleep, is best prepared for the water, and the 
stomach is empty. The water should be drank slowly, and, 
if more than one glass is taken, it should be after a suitable 
interval. Before eating, the sipping of a little tea or coffee 
will make the waters more efficacious. 

None of the cathartic waters should be drank immedi- 
ately before, during or within two hours after meals, as 
they are then liable to disturb digestion and prevent 
nutrition. 

As an ALTERATIVE, the waters should be drank in small 
quantities at various intervals during the day. As their 
alterative effect is from the absorption of the water, the 
quantity taken should be small. 

The chalybeate or tonic waters are liable to cause head- 
ache wiien taken before breakfast. They may be used with 
benefit before or after dinner and tea. Only from a half to 
one glass should be taken at a time. 

The diuretic waters should be drank before meals, and 
at night, and should not be followed by warm drinks. 

The enormous quantities of water which some persons 
imbibe at the popular springs is perfectly shocking, and 
can only be injurious. It Is no uncommon occurrence to 



33 

see persons driuk from live to ten glasses of Congress or 
Hathorn water with scarcely any interval, and the writer 
has heard of a lady who swallowed within a few minutes 
fourteen glasses of one of the springs. It is to be pre- 
sumed that her thirst was satisfied, as no further account 
of her has been given. 

Those who are taking a course of mineral water will 
usually find their appetite increased thereby. 

An abundance of vegetables should be avoided, and only 
those which are perfectly fresh should be used. 

Frequent bathing in mineral water and otherwise will be 
found beneficial. 

BOTTLING OF THE WATERS. 

The first attempt to extend the benefits of the spring 
water beyond the limits of Saratoga was made by Gideon 
Putnam. He secured two large potash kettles for evapo 
rating the mineral water, and sold in packages, quite exten- 
sively, the salts which were precipitated. It was not long, 
however, before it was discovered that spring water could 
not be reproduced by dissolving these salts. About the year 
1826 tlie bottling of the water was first commenced, and, 
since that time, has become a very flourishing and extensive 
business. The work of bottling at the principal springs is 
kept up during the year, except for a few weeks of the 
fashionable season. 

The present niode, in its various processes, requires con- 
siderable care and time before the cases of water are shipped 
to the market. Particular attention is paid to the cleansing 
of the bottles. The finest of corks are imported, and are 



34 

first soaked in hot water, till they become perfectly com- 
pressible. The spring water is pumped into the bottling 
house through block-tin pipes, and from a small receiver 
the bottles are filled. The corks are then driven in by 
machinery and the bottles packed away in bins of several 
hundred dozen. 

Here they are allowed to remain four or five days, to test 
the strength of the bottles and to ascertain if any of the 
corks are leaky. 

The expansion of the gas is so great that it requires 
strong bottles to retain it. Where imperfections exist, as 
they frequently do, the bottles will burst, sometimes with 
a loud report. 

Having been thouroughly tested, the corks of the bottles 
are secured by a copper wire and packed in the cases with 
great care. When the case is filled, the packer walks on 
the bottles, to again test their strength and to prevent any 
liability of breakage after the boxes leave the establish- 
ment. With all these precautions, it is no wonder that the 
cases of spring water, however roughly handled, always 
reach their destination perfectly secure, and without the 
escape of the carbonic acid gas. 

The amount of the water which is bottled in this manner 
at some of the springs amounts to two hundred dozen bot- 
tles a day. 

To supply the bottles for this immense business, a large 

GLASS FACTORY 
has been erected south of the village and near the railroad, 
and is well worth a visit. 



35 



HOTELS. 

Saratoga has the largest and most extensive in the world. 
There are in all from thirty to forty, and in addition to 
them numerous public and private boarding-houses accomo- 
date a large number of guests. We have room to notice 
only the largest and best. 

The gem of Saratoga, and one the finest, if not the finest^ 
hotel in this country is 

CONGRESS HALL. 

Extending from Spring to Congress street, with a front 
on Broadway of 416 feet, and reaching with its two mam- 
moth wings 300 feet back, it is architecturally a perfect 
beauty. The rooms are large and elegant. The halls are 
10 feet wide, and broad, commodious stairways, with the 
finest elevator in the country render every portion readily 
accessible. A front piazza, 20 feet wide and 240 feet in 
length, with numerous others within the grounds, and a 
promenade on the top of the hotel affording a charming 
view, contribute to render the house attractive. The 
dining halls, parlors, etc., are superb and ample, and every 
thing about the house is on a scale of unequalcd magnifi- 
cence and grandeur. 

The proprietors have endeavored to incorporate into this 
hotel every thing that can aford comfort and pleasure, at 
whatever expense. 

The cut of Congress Hall, on the cover^ will give some 
idea of its outlines, but fails to do it justice. It must be 



36 




37 

seen to be appreciated, and when seen commands the un- 
qualified admiration of the beholder. 

UNION HALL. 

This mammoth concern is located on Broadwa}^ opposite 
Congress Hall. It has a front on Broadway of 450 feet, 
and attractive grounds in the rear. The public office of 
this house is said to be the finest hotel office in the world. 
It is 50 by 70 feet, and is elegantly fitted up with white and 
colored marbles. A series of colonnades rise from the 
center of the office to the dome. This hotel accommodates 
more guests than unj other, but one, in the world. 

Warren Leland is the present manager. 

THE CLARENDON 

is patronized by a very cultivated and select class of guests. 
Its location is very picturesque ; and within its inclosure, 
surrounded by magnificent pines and covered with a superb 
pagoda, is the celebrated Washington spring. 

The Leland spring, named in honor of the affable pro- 
prietor of the hotel, is also within the grounds. 

A few steps above the new town hall, on Broadway, in a 
quiet and yet central location, is the 



38 



WAYEELY HOUSE, 

m 




Ill 



g^|?^w 



of|wliicli Mr. AYm. C. Jones is proprietor. Last year the 
house was newly furnished throughout, and just before the 



39 

opening of the present season outside and inside have been 
rendered even more attractive by tlie painter's brush, wliile 
various other improvements have been made. 

Tlie rooms of this hotel are very large and airy, A 
double piazza, 340 feet in length, entirely surrounds the 
house, affording a splendid promenade and a delightful 
place to while away a summer afternoon. The many 
brilliant equipages and dashing turnouts, which render 
Broadway so attractive, are here seen in their glory. The 
High Rock, Empire, Star and Red springs are only a few 
steps from the house. 

The proprietor designs to afford the greatest comfort and 
and at reasonable rates. 

THE EVERETT HOUSE, 
on South Broadway, a few steps beyond the Clarendon, is 
well patronized by a wealthy and cultivated class of guests. 
A very pleasant piazza surrounding the front of the house, 
and a pretty lawn and cottage in the grounds, are attractive 
features of this sununer hotel. The house has a home-like 
appearance and a delightful location. 



40 



THE CONTINENTAL HOTEL 




r 'i^ 



|lj|^|:IJai]|il|g 




on Wasliington street, is well kept, and enjoys a high 
reputation. Its rooms are very large and pleasant. It is 
well represented in the cut, and is really one of the best 
hotels of Saratoga. 



THE CRESCENT HOTEL, 
under the management of Dr. R. Hamilton, is an excellent 
place to stop. Although a medical institute is connected 
with it, it is entirely free from an}'- objections that may be 
supposed to pertain to such, but is rendered more desirable 
thereby. 



41 



mmPM ttiifi. 



This House will he open for Boarders froin 
the 17th of June to the 5th of September. 

The Rooms are lai^ge and pleasant. The 
Grounds are ample and well shaded. 

The Terms for Board will he from $18 to 
$25 per week, according to time, accommoda- 
tions, rooms, etc. Transient Board $3.50 per 
day. A discount of 10 per cent will he made 
to all clergymen actually engaged in the gos- 
pel ministry. 

Families taken at special rates. 

The Omnihus for TEMPLE GROVE will he 
at the Station to meet all lYaiits. 

HENRY M. DOWD, 

PROPRIETOR. 



42 



Adirondack Herd Anti[|ue Marble Co's 

Itii iiiiii tiiii 



7?) 

Situated at the Junction of the Adirondack and 
Kensselaer & Saratoga R. R., 

SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y., 

Are prepared, on short notice and favorable terms, to fill all 
orders for work in all varieties of Marble, Foreiii^n and Domestic, 



Jfonts, ^ixBtB, Centre S^abks, Ulanttls, 

COUNTERS, WAINSCOTIN&, TILING, &c. 
r)ESi&iS"S fxjr:n"iske;d. 

The special attention of the public is called to our VERD 
ANTIQUE MARBLES, from our Quarries at Thurman, Warren 
County, Avhich are pronounced b}" mineralogists and "workers, 
as equal, if not superior, to any foreign marbles ever introduced 
into this country. 

Orders for all varieties of these Marbles, in block or sawed 
to dimensions, promptly filled. 

Address 

VERD ANTIQUE MARBLE CO., 

SARATOGA SPRINGS. N. Y. 



4a 

There are few places more lovely or possessing more 
attractions for those who wish retirement and rest, than 
the surroundings of the 

MANSION HOUSE, 

near tlie Excelsior, Eureka and White Sulphur springs and 
Excelsior Lake. Mrs. E. G. Chipman, who has recently 
become the proprietress, will render it a delightful home. 

BOARDING-HOUSES 

abound in all parts of the village. Some are very large 
and commodious, and others private and home-like. A 
list of the largest and best, so far as we have been able to 
ascertain, is inserted elsewhere. 

The Vermont House, on Grove, corner Front street, is 
furnished in excellent style and is neat and tidy. The 
parlors and dining rooms would do credit to many of the 
hotels in i)oint of finish. It is a well-kept boarding-house. 

The Huestis House, the Pitney House and Washington 
Hall are among the largest. Many people prefer these 
boardins-houses to the laro;e hotels. 




ANALYSIS^«^«B»i^/ OF THE 

B:^ C 3F. CHAIN r>LER, Pli. 13. 

In one gallon of 231 cubic inches are contained— 

Saratoga Seltzek. Gehman Seltzer. 

(C. F. Chandler.) (Kastner.) 

Chloride of Sodium 1S4.291 grains. 132.673 grains 

Chloride of Potassium 1.3:35 " 0.469 " 

Bromide of Sodium, 0.630 " 0.001 " 

Iodide of Sodium, 0.031 " 

Fluoride of Calcium, trace. 0.012 " 

Bicarbonate of Lithia, 0.899 " .005 " 

Bicarbonate of Soda, 29.428 " 74.773 " 

Bicarbonate of Magnesia, 40.339 " 22.334 " 

Bicarbonate of Lime 89.869 " 22.937 " 

Bicarbonate of Strontia, trace. 0.083 " 

Bicarbonate of Baryta, trace. 

Bicarbonate of Iron 1.703 " 0.919 " 

Bicarbonate of Manganese, 0.027 " 

Sulphate of Potassa, 0.557 " 2.217 " 

Biborate of Soda., trace. 

Phospliate of Soda, trace. 2.132 " 

Alumina, 0.374 " trace. 

Silica, 2.561 " 1.905 " 

Total, 302.017 grains. 260.507 grains. 

Carbonic Acid Gas, 324.08 cu. in. 228.73 cu. in. 

Temperature of Water at Spring, Saratoga, 50* Fah. 
THE SAEATOGA WATER IS UNSURPASSED FOR MIXTURE WITH 

RED AND WHITE WINES. 
Dialers for the Wafer received by 

FREDERICK ROWLEY, Superintendent, SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y., 

Or by EBERT & GROSVENOR, Sole Agents. Depot of the Company, 

125 Hudson Street, New York City. 

Small Bottles per Doz. $2. Large Bottles per Doz. $3. 

ALSO SOLD IN TANKS HOLDING 10 AND 20 GALLONS. 



45 



TEMPLE GROVE SEMINARY. 




46 

This Institution is beautifully situated in a grove in the 
eastern part of the village, on what was formerly called 
Temple Hill, hence the name. The grounds occupy the 
whole square on Spring street, between Circular and Regent 
streets. 

All the noted springs of Saratoga are within a few min- 
utes walk of the Seminary, while Congress Park is but one 
block distant. The Institution is under the efficient man- 
agement of Charles F. Dowd, A. M., a graduate of Yale 
College, and it aftbrds the best advantages for a complete 
and solid education. 

The "Regular Graduating Course" occupies a period of 
four years, and embraces the principal studies pursued in 
our best colleges for young men, while much liberty is 
allowed to "optional studies," which supply the more 
modern and artistic accomplishments. Every facility for 
improvement which libraries and apparatus can afford is 
found at this institution ; and the religious and moral cul- 
ture of the students is conscientiously cared for in a liberal 
and faithful Christian spirit. 

Among the patrons of the Seminary are some of the best 
families of the leading cities of the country. These supe- 
rior advantages are aflbrded at very reasonable charges. 
The endowment is found in the fact that during the long 
vacation of the summer months, from June to September, 
the building is opened as a summer resort. At this time 
its spacious and well furnished rooms, and well supplied 
table, under the efficient direction of Henry M. Dowd, dis- 
pense to its select patrons the greatest comforts and luxu- 
ries of the very first-class hotels. Its omnibus runs to the 



47 

depot to meet all trains. The delightful grove and grounds, 
a few steps removed from the bustle and confusion of the 
great hotels, and its accessibility to all the springs in Sara- 
toga, renders the Seminary particularly desirable to lovers 
of health and comfort. 

SARATOGA AS A HEALTH RESORT. 

The world-wide fame of Saratoga as a fashionable water- 
ing place is not greater than its reputation as a health resort. 
Without doubt, it possesses greater advantages for the 
recovery of health than any other place in America, if not 
in the world. These advantages are not merely its won- 
derful healing waters, for which it is so justly celebrated. 
The climate of Saratoga is peculiarly salubrious. On the 
north and west the Kayaderosseras mountain affords its 
protection and shelter, and the Green mountain range on 
the east, with the Catskills on the south, combine to shield 
the village from raw winds and drifting storms. Adorned 
with the most beautiful groves of pine and fir, the atmos- 
phere is said to resemble that of Minnesota. 

The village is sufficiently rural for quiet and retirement, 
while it affords many advantages to be found onl}^ in large 
cities. 

The combination of these circumstances point to Sara- 
toga as the great physical Mecca. Hither come from near 
and far hundreds of pilgrims, worn out by professional 
duties or the activities of business life, and sufferers from 
the various chronic diseases that flesli is heir to. 

Since the number of health-seekers is so great, it is 



48 

natural that particular accomodations should be made for 
them. To supply this want, several large and flourishing 

HEALTH INSTITUTIONS 

have arisen. Their success has been unqualified. The 
advantages afforded are not merely a change of climate and 
habits, but embrace facilities and remedial appliances 
unavailable in general practice. 

The institutions of Saratoga have a wide reputation. As 
no Guide to the place would be complete, without an 
account of them, we publish here some of the features of 
the most celebrated. 

The Remedial Institute of Drs. S. S. & S. E. Strong 
is located on Circular, between Spring and Phila streets, 
and just above Temple Grove. It is probably surpassed 
by no institution in this country or Europe, in the elegance 
of its appointments and the completeness of its appliances. 
The house will accomodate about two hundred guests. Its 
patrons are from the most cultivated Christian people of 
the land. Among the large number of clergymen who 
make this their summer home is the distinguished Dr. 
Cuyler, who has made his annual visits to Saratoga for 
over twenty successive summers. 

The institute is finished in the very best taste and heated 
by steam, while the bath rooms are exceedingly elegant? 
and are one of the chief attractions of Saratoga. 

Among the special appliances which are used in the 
treatment of invalids, is the Equalizer or vacuum treat- 
ment, electro-thermal baths, Swedish movement cure. 



49 

vibrator, Russian batli, sulpliur air batli, oxygen gas, Turk- 
ish and every other form of bath. 

A very neat pamphlet describing these appliances and 
their modus ojjerandi has been issued by the doctors, who 
are graduates of the medical department of New York 
University, and have attained eminent rank in their pro- 
fession. As a summer liome this house fully meets the 
wants of those desiring tirst-class accomodations, and its 
remedial character does not diminish its attractions. 

Dr. Hamilton's Medical Institute is located on Broad- 
way, corner Congress street, and opposite Congress Park. 

This institution is a delightful home. In addition to the 
various remedial appliances which contribute to the recov- 
ery of invalids, including the celebrated Swedish move- 
ment cure, electro-chemical baths, oxygenized air bath 
rooms, health lift, numerous means of healthful recrea- 
tion are also provided. Daily devotions and frequent 
social and religious meetings are characteristic features of 
the house. Comfort and pleasure are afforded at reason- 
able prices. During the warm season the house is opened 
to the public, and affords first-class accommodations to 
the large numbers of cultivated people who make it their 
summer home. 

The proprietor. Dr. Hamilton, has had a large practice 
and is widely known throughout the country. 



50 



Dks. Bedortha's Watek Cure has a pleasant location 
on Broadway, opposite Congress spring and Park. This 
is the oldest medical institution in Saratoga, and, during 
the long time since its establishment, it has made many 
friends. It has been patronized by large numbers from 
all parts of the country, and has a wide-spread name. 

The Invalids' Guide, by Dr. N. Bedortha, contains an 
account of the mode of treatment and remedies used in 
the institution. 

In addition to these medical institutions, numerous phy- 
sicians devote special attention to the visiting population 
and to the medicinal use of the waters. 

DRIVES AND WALKS. 
The most fashionable drive is the new Boulevard to the 
Lake. This drive is four miles in length, with a row of 
trees on each side and one in the middle. Carriages pass 
down on one side and return on the other. For a long 
time it has been the principal drive in Saratoga, but until 
recently there have been few attractions besides the gay and 
brilliant procession of carriages with their fair occupants 
and superb horses. Since last season immense sums of 
money have been expended on the avenues and roads in 
the vicinity of Saratoga, and this new boulevard is now a 
very magnificent drive, although not completed as yet. 
Near the outlet of the lake, on a blutf fifty feet above the 
surface of the water, is Moon's Lake House, one of the fea- 



51 

tures of Saratoga. The grounds around the house are 
attractive, and command a tine view of the lake. The 
hobby of the Lake House is Fried Potatoes, and these they 
serve in good style. They are sold in papers like confec- 
tionery. 

Chapman's Hill, a mile beyond the Lake House, is 
one hundred and eighty feet above the level of the lake. 
A charming view is obtained from the hill, but not as fine 
as is afforded from 

Wagman's Hill, three miles beyond, and sixty feet 
higher. 

Hagerty Hill, six miles north of the village, toward 
Luzerne, brings to view a fine landscape. 

Bemis' Heights, the scene of the famous engagement 
between Burgoyne and General Gates, is about fifteen 
miles distant, in Stillwater, and is visited by large numbers 
of people. 

But the most extended view and the boldest landscape 
may ])e seen from Waring Hill, on the Mount Pleasant 
road, and about fifteen miles from Saratoga Springs. 

Saratoga, Ballston, Schenectady, Waterford, Mechanics- 
ville, Schuylerville, Saratoga lake, Round lake, etc., etc., 
by the aid of a glass, can all be discerned from this hill. 
There are other and shorter drives in Saratoga which are 
very attractive. Spring avenue, leading to the Excelsior 
and Sulphur springs, and round by Lake avenue, is very 
pleasant. The road to Ballston and the Geyser spring has 
recently been improved. 

The entire length of Broadway is a magnificent drive, 



52 

About a mile above Congress Hall the half-mile track and 
handsome grounds of Glen Mitchel are located. 

By far the most beautiful walk in Saratoga is the walk 
THROUGH THE GROVE TO THE ExcELSioR SPRING. Car- 
riages and omnibuses may be taken as far as the grove. 
A pleasant hour may be spent in the woods, after a stroll 
through which, the delicious water of the Excelsior spring 
will be refreshing indeed. 

Congress Park is a lovely place and a great resort. 
There are many other walks in almost every direction 
which the pedestrian will find interesting. 

AMUSEMENTS. 

Of these the chief is flirting and dancing. Every after- 
noon the various bands at the large hotels discourse deli- 
cious music. The various drives, croquet, and a visit to the 
circular railway and Indian encampment, are enjoyed by 
many. During race week the races are the all-absorbing 
theme. The evening finds a brillant party in the various 
ball-rooms, while at the more retired hotels and boarding- 
houses, charades and tableaux give opportunity for the 
display of wit and beauty. The streets are thronged with 
a gay and brilliant multitude, engaged in riding, driving or 
walking, each e.ijoying to the utmost a fascinating kind 
of busy idleness. The attractions of Saratoga society are 
famous. 

Those who are not matrimonially inclined should know 
that during their sojourn at the Spa, they are surrounded 



53 

by dangers on every hand. Cupid for many years has 
made Saratoga his summer home. 

GAMBLING AND OTHER VICES. 

A few steps from Congress spring, and directly opposite 
the park, stands the chib-house or gambling establishment 
of John Morrissey. 

Few are the journals of city or country, in even the 
remote sections of our land, that have not contained some 
account or allusion to Mr. Morrissey's establishment. 

It has become one of the first objects to which the atten- 
tion of visitors is attracted. 

A very exaggerated idea of its magnificence has been 
excited by so much talk and the glowing accounts of 
penny-a-liners. 

For instance, we are told that one of the "very finest" 
oil paintings in the country adorned its walls, but when 
we came to investigate we learned that the expense of this 
"magnificent work of art" amounted to about $3,500. 
We concluded that either Mr. M. was exceedingly shrewd 
in purchasing or else the finest paintings were at a discount. 

The building is very substantial, and is well furnished. 
That its finish and furnishings are superior or equal to the 
first class residences of our cities is by no means true. 

During the past winter a large addition has been made to 
it, the main object of which, it is said, is for the selling of 
pools for the races. This is by far the finest part of the 
building. 

The case of the Y. M. C. A. i\ Morrissey remains yet 
undecided, but that association closed three other estab- 



64: 

lishments for the same purpose. During the winter and 
spring such efforts have been made by the leading citizens 
of Saratoga to restrain, within proper bounds, the vices 
and crimes incident to any fashionable resort, that it may 
be hoped that Saratoga will become the most moral, as it is 
now the most celebrated, watering-place in the world. 
Large numbers of the most cultivated, as well as the most 
wealthy, people are among the summer residents of Sara- 
toga, and a majority of its citizens will sustain this action 
for the suppression of open vice. 

THE SARATOGA MARBLE WORKS. 

The tourist, interested in science, or fond of the beauti- 
ful, will find a new attraction in Saratoga this year, in the 
steam mills and magnificent marbles of The Adirondack 
Verd-Antique Marble Co. The workshops where the 
marble receives its shape are located in this village, near 
the freight depot. The quarries are situated in the town 
of Thurman, Warren county, some seven miles north-west 
of Thurman station, on the Adirondack railroad. 

This peculiar rock embraces an area of about seventy- 
five acres, lying in ridges of some forty to sixty feet above 
the water level, and surrounded by the common gneissoid 
granite of that region. The depth of the bed, judging 
from geological indications, is not less than four hundred 
feet. 

The marble consists of lime, magnesia and silex in a 
metamorphic condition. It is variously colored, combin- 
ing the black and green of the Lapland, and the light and 
dark mottled greens of the Etruscan and Franconian verd- 



55 

antiques, with au almost endless variety of shadings and 
blendings of coloring. 

The marble occupies a portion of a basin-shaped valley 
surrounded by hills, some of them rising to the height of 
fifteen hundred feet. 

Unlike other varieties of the ornamental marbles, this 
admits of being worked in very thin slabs without cement- 
ation, as the magnesia forms the vinculum or paste by 
which the grains or particles of which it is composed are 
held together, and performs the same otRce as magnesia 
does in forming hydraulic lime of the common carbonates. 
This property enables it to be cut sharper, to sustain pres- 
sure, and to withstand the action of the weather in a man- 
ner very much superior to any of the white marbles. 

This deposit, whose geological position is in the upper 
group or division of the Laurentian series of rocks, has 
been considered azoic, and deposited long prior to the 
appearance of any organized existence on the earth, but 
more acute investigation has revealed the fact that it is 
almost entirely made up of organic remains, — the Eozoon 
Canadense, the oldest known fossil on the globe. 
The Eozoon Canadense was a foraminiferous creature of 
microscopic dimensions, which lived in communities and 
built up its stony receptacles in the ocean, in a manner 
analogous to tlie corals of the present time. In the fossil 
remains muriatic acid develops the structure in a bautiful 
manner. Scattered through the marble are large patches 
of transparent noble seri)entine, some of which are ex- 
tremely beautiful, rcseml)ling moss agate. 

Specimens of this marble, highly polished, are on exhi- 



bition at the office on Broadway, and at tlie workshop. 
Scientific men will doubtless speedily avail themselves of 
this opportunity to procure for their center tables a mar- 
ble top composed of the remains of the earliest form of 
existence known. 

SARATOGA AS A PLACE OF RESIDENCE. 

Saratoga has been so modest that its many advantages as 
a place of residence are often overlooked. That it possesses 
not a few unusual and delightful attractions, while it is 
not behind other places of its size in scarcely any respect, 
must be acknowledged. Not alone the constant use of its 
spring waters, but its dry and bracing climate, its magnifi- 
cent groves and finely shaded streets, these and numerous 
other favorable circumstances contribute to make Saratoga 
unsurpassed as a permanent home. At one portion of the 
year the most distinguished, cultivated and wealthy of our 
own country are gathered here, and sight seeing can be 
done at home and on our own doorsteps. The many bless- 
ings which follow in the train of wealth and culture are 
found here. Travelers from other climes who visit our 
country seldom return until they have drank from these 
celebrated fountains, and enjoyed the comforts of these 
mammoth hotels. An opportunity is afforded in the vari- 
ous pulpits of the village to listen to the most eloquent 
preachers of the day. 

The home society of Saratoga is very pleasant, and uncor- 
rupted by the flash and glitter of the summer carnival. 

Notwithstanding all these benefits, which the resident 
population enjoy, the expense of living is moderate, and 



57 




58 

certainly below other and less celebrated watering places. 
That these advantages are becoming appreciated is evinced 
by the numerous and costly dwellings that are being erected 
on almost every street. 

The average rise in real estate has been about ten per 
cent per annum for several years, and it may be con- 
fidently hoped that this beautiful place, possessing such 
peculiar attractions, will become the center of a large 
population. 

Educational institutions and manufacturing interests 
should flourish here. Tasteful cottages for summer residents 
are needed. 

The present population is about 9,000. For information 
in regard to real estate and permanent or transient homes 
in Saratoga, our readers are referred to Messrs. Wm. M 
Searing & Son, Real Estate Agents, Ainsworth's place, 
Broadway. 

LIST OF HOTELS AND PRINCIPAL BOARDING 
HOUSES. 

Albemarle Hotel, Broadway. 

Albion House, Front street. 

American Hotel, Broadway, Bennett & McCaflrey. 

Broadway Hall, Broadway, S. P. Briggs. 

Broadway House, Broadway, J. Howland. 

Cedar Bluff Hotel, Lake, H. U. Myers. 

Circular Street House, Circular street, L. R. Simons. 

Clarendon Hotel, Broadway, C. E. Leland. 

Columbian Hotel, Broadway, P. S. Waugh. 



59 

Commercial Hotel, Church street, corner Matilda, S. W. 
Smith & Co. 

Congress Hall, Broadway, H. H. Hathorn & Co. 

Continental Hotel, Washington street, M. M. Smalley. 

Cottage Home, Miss L. Burbauck. 

Crescent Hotel, Broadway, corner Congress street, R. 
Hamilton. 

Everett House, South Broadway, B. V. Frazier. 

Empire Hotel, Front street, C. H. Kendall. 

Glen Mitchel, Broadway, C. Weeks Mitchel. 

Grand Union Hotel, Broadway, Leland. 

Holden House, Broadway, W. J. Riggs. 

Hotel Germania, Broadway, G. Schmidt. 

Green Mountain House, Washington street, Chaffee & 
Wooster. 

Huestis House, 34 Broadway, J. L. Huestis. 

Lake House, Lake, C. B. Moon. 

Lake Side House, Lake, C. B. Moon, Jr. 

Manor House, South Broadway. 

Mansion House, Spring avenue, near Excelsior spring, 
Mrs. E. G. Chipman. 

Marvin House, Broadway, A. & D. Snyder. 

Merchants Hotel, Caroline street, corner Henry, G. H. 
Burrows^ 

Mount Pleasant House, Broadway, C. H. Teft. 

Osborn House, Front, corner Van Dam, Geo, F. White. 

Pitney House, Congress street, J. Pitney. 

Park Place Hotel, Broadway, C. R. Brown. 

Pavilion Hotel, Division street, Eldridge & Co. 

Summer Resort, Franklin street. 



60 

Temple Grove, Circular street, H. M. Dowd. 
Vermont House, Grove street, corner Front, B. V. Dyer. 
Waverly House, Broadway, Wm. C. Jones. 
Western Hotel, Church street, corner Lawrence, French 
&Co. 
Wilbur House, Washington street. 
St. James Hotel, Congress street. Van Vleck. 

WHERE TO TRADE IN SARATOGA. 

For the convenience of visitors we publish below a notice 
of some of the best business houses. We have admitted no 
one in whom we have not confidence, and have said noth- 
ing in regard to them that we do not fully indorse. 



BOOKS, STATIONERY, PERIODICALS, ETC. 

Mr. E. R. Stevens, Jr., first door above Congress Hall, 
Broadway, keeps a good assortment, is polite and attentive 
to his customers, and has the latest issues. Music, as soon 
as published, may be found at his bookstore. 



MEDICINES, TOILET ARTICLES, PERFUMERY, ETC. 

F. T. Hill & Co., 163 Broadway, opposite the Marvin 
House. By personal experience we have found this house 
reliable, accurate and expeditious in pharmacy. They keep 
the best, and at reasonable prices. 



DRY GOODS, MILLINERY, FANCY NOTIONS, ETC. 

J. H. Carpenter & Co., Broadway, is a desirable place 
to trade. Those who wish for superior goods, at reason- 
able prices, will do well to give them a call. 



61 



BOOTS, SHOES AND RUBBERS 

of the best style are kept by J. L. Lucas, 102 Broadway. 
A large assortment is kept constantly. Mr. Lucas is also 
the discoverer and manufacturer of Lucas' Russian Leather 
Preservative and Waterproof Dressing for boots and shoes. 



HATS, CAPS, ETC. 

Vibbard, the fashionable hatter, Ainsworth place, Broad- 
way, has the best store, the largest assortment, and the most 
elegant styles in Saratoga. 



DR. C. H. RICH, DENTIST, 

Phila street opposite the Post-Office. Dr. Rich is a per- 
fect gentleman as well as a very siqjeri&r dentist. 



CONFECTIONERY, ICE CREAM, SODA, ETC. 

Scidmore & Van Deusen, 142 Broadway, have constantly 
on hand a large variety of the very best of Maillard's con- 
fectionary. They also have ice cream, soda water, etc. 



BOARDING STABLE AND LR^ERY. 

Dexter's on Division street near the railroad station. 
Among the large number of liveries, Dexter's is one of the 
largest and best. His carriages and horses are first-class and 
his coachmen accommodating and civil. Mr. Dexter has 
also a first-class boarding stable, entirely distinct from the 
livery. The terms are reasonable. Should Mr. Bonner visit 
Saratoga this summer he will probably patronize Dexter. 



62 



LANDSCAPE VIEWS. 

The most beautiful aud artistic views, stereoscopic and 
cabinet, of Saratoga, Lake George, etc., with which we are 
acquainted, are made by Mr. S. R. Stoddard, who is also a 
portrait painter of acknowledged talent. 

Very few visit these great watering places without wish 
ing to take home with them some mementoes of their sur^ 
roundings, and the want is supplied in Mr. Stoddard's 
views, embracing as they do many scenes of great beauty 
as well as interest, and making many of them what they 
were designed to be, really "■ studies for artists.'" 

TONSORIAL. 

J. R Wood & Waters, under Crescent Hotel, corner 
Congress street and Broadway, lather and shave in a supe- 
rior manner. They are first-class barbers. Their rooms 
are neat and cosy, and have connected with them a bath- 
ing establishment for warm and cold baths. 

Mr. Wood has gained an excellent patronage and many 
friends by his successful management while under the 
American. Next^ gentlemen. 



63 

Drs. STRONG'S 

INSTITUTE 

Affords to Clergymen and Christian people an 
elegant and inviting home. 

Its appointments are most complete and 
adapted to all seasons of the year. 

Since last season the house has been greatly enlarged, 
steam has been introduced for heating purposes, and the 
finish is in modern and superior style. 

IN COMMERCIAL BANK BUILDING, 

Entraitre on PltiUi St., opposUe the Posl Ofih i\ 

SGIDMORE & VAN DEUSEN. 

Ice Cream, French and American Confection- 
ery, Fruits and Nuts of all kinds, 

AIbo a fine assortment of Toys, Dolls and Children's Carriages, Mats 
and Kobee. 

IVo. 14^ UROA13WAA. 



64 



CRYSTAL SPRING, 

PARK PLACE, BROADWAY. 

C. R. BROV/N, - - - Proprietor, 



By PROF. C. F. CHANDLER, of the Columbia School of Mines. 

Solid contents of one gallon, of 231 cubic inches : 

Chloride of Sodium 328.468 grains. 

Chloride of Potassium 8.327 

Bromide of Sodium 414 

Iodide of Sodium .066 " 

Fluoride of Calcium trace 

Bicarbonate of Lithia 4.326 " 

Bicarbonate of Soda 10.064 *' 

Bicarbonate of Magnesia 75.161 " 

Bicarbonate of Lime 101.881 

Bicarbonate of Strontia , trace " 

Bicarbonate of Baryta 726 " 

Bicarbonate of Iron 2.038 " 

Sulphate of Potassa 2.158 " 

Phosphate of Soda 009 

Biborate of Soda trace " 

Alumina -305 " 

Silica 3.213 " 

Organic matter trace " 

Sulphur, 

Total 537.155 

Carbonic Acid Gas 317.452 cubic inches. 

Density 1.006 

Temperature 45^. 



From Br. Bedortha. 

"This valuable Spring adds new attractions to invalids and 
to all who visit Saratoga. The waters are highlj^ medicinal and 
equal to the best springs of the place. They are cathartic and 
to7iic^ containing, as is seen, iron and sulphur, very useful in 
dyspepsia, constipation, Icidney complaints, scrofula, skin dis- 
eases, rheumatism, &c., and a cooling and refreshing beverage." 

N. BEDORTHA, M. D. 



65 
Eureka Mineral & White Sulphur Spring Water 

AND 

WHITE SULPHUR BATHS, 

Lake Avenue, Saratoga Springs. 
— — ^ •^♦^^— 

The Eureka Spring Company's pure White Sulphur 

Spring, discovered last Summer, is now open for visitors. 

THE water is 

Epal m Quality and Strengtli to tHe Dest WMte SiiMiur Springs 

In this State, and far superior to most of them. 
The Company has erected a pleasant 

BATHING HOUSE 

CONTAINING FIFTY BATH ROOMS, 

And replete with every convenience for WARM and COLD 
SULPHUR BATHS. 

Single Bstli Tickets, Fifty Cents. 

Co ipon Tickets, good for 12 Baths, - Five Dollars. 

The Company also invites attention to its superior Minkral Spring, 
entirely distinct from the White Sulphur Spring, thou,^h distant only a 
few rods from it. The following is the analysis hy R. L. Allen, M.D., 
of Saratoga Springs : 

Iodide of Soda 4.666 grs. 

Bromide of Potassa 1.566 " 

SiUca 532 " 



Chloride of Sodium 466.811 grs 

Bicarbonate of Soda 8.750 " 

Bicarbonate of Lime 41.:*J1 " 

Bicarbonate of Magnesia . 29.340 
Carbonate of Iron 3.000 



Alumina 231 

Sulphate of Magnesia 2.148 



Carbonic Acid, 239.000. Atmospheric Air, 2.000. 
This water Ih very pleasant to the taste, and is considered peculiarly 
pfflcacious in dyspepsia and all diseases and affections of the Liver and 
Kidnevs. Orders may be addressed 

EUREKA SPRING COMPANY, 

Boj- IHl Post f^ffficf, Saratoga SprifigN, X. }'., nr 
Mr. I'.KNM. .1. Lkvy, .\Koiit Kureka Si)ring Company, No. 7 Hudson R. H. H- 
Depot, Varlck Street, New York. 

Circulars, stating prloes, &c., may be had at the Spring, or by addressing 
as above. 
Saratoga Springs, May, 1871. 



66 
THE SAHA^TOO^ 

GEYSER (OR SPOUTING) SPRING 

is locatert at the late manufactory of Messrs. VAIL & SEAVEY.near CADY 
HILL, about a mile south of the village on the Ballston road. It appar- 
ently flows from a crevice in the rock, 150 feet below the surface. This 
crevice was struck hv drilling. The water, as shown by the analysis, is a 
powerful cathartic, and contains a larger amount of valuable medicinal 
properties than any other Spring at Saratoga. The water is verv cold, and 
IS thrown up by the action of its own carbonic acid gas with great force, 
producing a fountain Jet very attractive in appearance. 

The proprietors invite a comparison of the waters of the Geyser Spring 
with any other mineral fountain at Saratoga or elsewhere. 

The foUowinii; comparison with other springs at Saratoeja, of 
the respective solid contents of mineral substances in a ^'fiHon 
of water, most fully demonstrates the superiority of the Gey- 
ser as a medicinal spring : 

Geyser, or Spouting Spring, solid contents 991 .546 grains. 

Congress Spring 567.943 " 

Empire Spring 496.352 " 

High Rock Spring 628.0:38 " 

Star Spring 615.685 " 

Seltzer Spring 461 .680 " 

Excelsior Spring 513.746 " 

Hathorn Spring 888.403 " 

Gettysburg Katalysine Spring 266.930 " 



ANALYSIS OF THE GEYSER SPRING. 

SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y. 



By PROF. C. F. CHANDLER, Ph. D., Professor of Analytical and Applied 
Chemistry, Columbia College. 
Grains. 

Chloride of Sodium 562.080 

Chloride of Potassium 24.634 



Bromide of Sodium 2.212 

Iodide of Sodium. 0.248 

Fluoride of Calcium trace 

Bicarbonate of Lithia 7.004 

Bicarbonate of Soda 71 .232 

Bicarbonate of Magnesia... 149.343 

Bicarbonate of Lime 170.392 

Bicarbonate of Strontia .... 0.425 



Grains. 

Bicarbonate of Baryta 2.014 

Bicarbonate of Iron 0.979 

Sulphate of Potassa 0.318 

Phosphate of Soda trace 

Biborate of Soda trace 

Alumina trace 

Silica 0.665 

Organic matter trace 



Total solid contents 991.546 



Carbonic Acid Gas in 1 U. S. gal 454.082 cub. in. 

Density 1 .011 

Temperature 46° Fah. 



A I) D K K S S 



SAEATOGA SPEIJS-GS, JV. 7". 



07 

OF THE 



-•♦« 



The following analysis of Bed Spring water was made by 
Prof. John H. Appi>eton, of Brown University, Provi- 
dence, P. I. The amounts specify the number of grains 
of the various substances in one Imperial gallon of the 
water : 

Bicarbonate of Litliia LiO,HO 2 C02, .242 grains. 

Bicarbonate of Soda NaO,HO 2 C02, 15.327 

Bicarbonate of Magnesia, MgO,HO 2 C02, 42.413 

Bicarbonate of Lime CaO.HO 2 C02, 101.256 

Clorideof Sodium Na CI, 83.530 ;| 

Chloride of Potas.sium K CI, 6.587 ^^ 

Alumina and Sesquioxide of Iron 2.100 

Silica 3.255 

Phosphates a trace. 

254.710 " 

We present above the analysis, one of the most careful 
and complete examinations ever made, and showing the 
presence, in great abundance, of those elements which con- 
stitute the value of all mineral springs. The elfect of this 
water as an alterative is far superior to that of any other 
spring, and so great that small c[uantities ])roduce the 
desired results, inaking it, thereby, wonderfully suited to 
the weakest stomachs, in cases of long and extreme chronic 
disease. This quality of the water is due to the peculiar 
combination of its ingredients. We revert only to the fact 
which every chemist knows, that a slight change in its 
elements often converts a deadly poison into a nutritious food 
or a powerful medicine. 

Dr. Steel spoke of the wonderful power of this water 
in curing Salt Rheum and skin diseases, nearly fifty years 
ago, in a little work he wrote on the character of " Our 
Mineral Spkincis." 

For particulars of the many cures by the use of tliis 
water, call for a circular, at the bottling-house of the Ped 
Spring, on Spring avenue. 



68 

SARATOGA, N. Y. 

For a period of over half a century, the water of this sprinji^ 
has been favorably known to the citizens and visitors of Sara- 
toga, and yet it was not until 1862 that its real merits were 
fully developed. Owing to the great amount of Iodine with 
which the water is charged, it was always held in high esteem 
by invalids, and especially those sutFering from Chronic Rheu- 
matism, Scrofulous complaints. Cutaneous Eruptions, &c. 

An Analysis of the water was soon after made by Professor 
Chandler, which demonstrated conclusively, that, in wealth 
of mineral matter, it far surpasses any of the other fountains 
of Saratoga. Containing every ingredient found in the other 
springs in a much larger amount, it likewise is impregnated 
with several salts, not shown in the analysis of other springs 
of the place. As a Beverage it has no superior ; as a Cathartic 
it is unsurpassed, and as a Tonic and Diuretic it is second to 
none yet discovered. 

In view of the facts stated, it is claimed that the Star water 
will secure : 

1st. All the benefits or advantages that can be derived from 
the use of any other of the waters of Saratoga. 

2d. That if is vastly superior to any other in the treatment 
of diseases where the use of Iodine is desirable. 

3d. That, owing to the greater quantity of Carbonic Acid 
Gas with which itis charged, it will preserve better and longer, 
bottled, than any other now known. 

4th. That there is no natural mineral fountain in Saratoga, 
nor in the world, as yet known to science, that is so richly 
charged with health giving and health preservhig properties. 
Price of quarts, per dozen (2 doz, in case), - - - $2.50 

Per Gross, 30.00 

Pints, per dozen (4 doz. in case), 1.75 

Per Gross, 21.00 

Thirty gallon bbls., 23.50 

Water 20 cents per gallon in bulk ; customers paying the 
freight on the empty casks to Saratoga and full ones back. 
TERMS CASH. 



Address — Star Spring Co.^ Saratoga Sjwings^ N. Y 



69 

miGM lies 
CONGRESS SPRING 



The oldest and most famous Spring in Saratoga is tlie 

HIOH ROCK COJ^ORESS SPRING. 
As a beverage it is pleasant and exhilarating; for medic- 
inal purposes it is unsurpassed. It has stood the test of 
over a century, and has the approval to-day of the most 
eminent medical authority of the country. 



ANALYSIS BY PROF. G. H. CHANDLER, 

Of COLUMBIA COLLEGE, NEW YORK. 

In one gallon of 231 cubic inches are contained — 

Chloride of Sodium 3i)0.127graiua. 

Chloride of Potassium 8.974 " 

Bromide of Sodium 0.731 " 

Iodide of Sodium 0.086 " 

Fluoride of Calcium trace. 

Sulphate of Potassa 1.608 " 

Bicarbonate of Baryta trace. 

Bicarbonate of Strontia trace. 

Bicarbonate of Lime 131.739 " 

Bicarbonate of Maj^nesia 54.924 " 

Bicarbonate of Soda 34.888 " 

Bicarbonate of Iron 1 .478 " 

Phosphate of Lime trace. . 

Alumina 1.223 " 

Silica 2.260 

Total 628.039 grains 

Carbonic acid gas 409.458 cub. in 

By reference to the analysis of the various other mineral 
fountains of Saratoga, and comparing them with the above, 
it will be seen that the water of the High Kock Spring is 
not only a much heavier water, but that it also contains a 
very much larger number of cubic inches of carbonic acid 
gas per gallon. 

WM. SLOCUM, Supt. T. J. CLARK, Agent. 

New York Depot, 543 Broadwai/, JY. Y. 



10 

fcitliitr iprtiif I 

SARATOGiJPEINGS, N. Y.~'' 

A. R. LAWRENCE & CO., ■ ■ - Proprietors. 

The virtues of the *' Excelsior" water are such as have 
secured it the high encomiums of physicians and others 
who have used it, possessing, as it does, in an eminent 
degree, Cathartic, Diuretic, Alterative and Tonic qualities. 
It produces its beneticial effects without the injurious 
results which so commonly follow the use of artificial 
curatives ; and, as a general regulator and preservative of 
the tone of the system, the water of the "Excelsior" 
Spring is invaluable, removing and prerenting^ by its 
aperient and alterative effects, the incipient forms of 
disease. 

It is used with great success in the treatment of Dys- 
pepsia, Constipation of the Bowels, Affections of the Liver 
and Kidneys, Fevers, Scrofula, Cutaneous Diseases, &c. 
It is also an excellent remedy for the Headache, and a 
pleasant and healthful beverage. 

From Alfked L. Loomis, M. D., 
Professor of the Institutes and Practice of Medicine in the University of the 
city of New York. 
Duriner mv whole professional life I have been accustomed to use freely 
the water o"f Congress and Empire Springs. About six months since, acci- 
dentally, I was furnished with a few bottles of the *' Excelsior " Spring 
AVater, and found it so much more agreeable to the taste and pleasant in 
its effects than either Congress or Empire Water, that I have smce used it 
myself, and recommended it to patients requiring a gentle Cathartic and 
Diuretic. 

A. L. LOOMIS, M. D. 
New York, Sept. 17, 1866. 

From Nathan E. Smith, M. D., 
Professor of Surgery in the University of Maryland. 
I have recently used the "Excelsior" Spring Water, and find it to be 
highly medicinal ; more active as a Cathartic and Diuretic than any other 
natural water with which I am acquainted. I continue to use it, and recom- 
mend it to my patients. 

N. E. SMITH. M. D., 
Baltimore, Md., March 1, 1866. P)Of of Surgery. 



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